JOURNAL PAPER

A Community Response to Tourism, Focusing on the Home-stay Program in K Village in Nainital, Uttarakhand, India, Journal of Urban and Regional Studies on Contemporary India, 4, Special issue on Developmental Challenges in Rural India: A Village Level Examination in Himalayan Mountains, pp.55-62, 2018. doi: 10.15027/45586

The tourism industry in India has grown enormously and is becoming a major source of economic growth in India. is paper focuses on studying the possibilities of home-stay programs and the willingness of the residents in Uttarakhand on such programs. Considering the tourism perspective of India, home-stay programs are rather unusual. Only Munsiyari and Sarmoli in the Johar Valley, and the Ladakh Autonomous Region in Jammu and Kashmir are the two examples. is research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches through household survey, an average treatment e ect, community economic development analysis, eld observations, interpretative analysis, and ethnographic understanding of K village, Nainital District, Uttarakhand. e results show that the tourism industry has not brought economic bene ts for the households involved in the industry; however, this could be owing to the community not being involved in tourism development. In addition, most of the villagers considered that the home-stay program could create opportunities for jobs and improve the income of the local community. In the study area, we found private entrepreneurship, but the home-stay program has not yet been developed. is research paper expects to assist making decisions to initiate an extensive home-stay program under the “Endogenous Tourism” program with some re-evaluations of not only the previously mentioned village of Uttarakhand, but also other remote locations in India, considering the colorful and cultural-rituals of rural living in India.

Md. Masood Imran, Mahisun Binte Wahab Rashti, Bio-Power of Covid-19: Locating the Transformability of Bangladeshi Social Narratives by the Archaeology of Pandemics, 13 April 2024. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.803126
Oppressed Within the Oppressed: The Patriarchal Hegemonic Discourse of Colourism on Dalit Women in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj, Bangladesh, Journal of Archaeology, 25, 1, pp.203-223, 2019.

The objective of this paper is to define-safeguarding-governmentality‖ as an analytical framework to understand the mechanism of governmentalisation of the cultural heritage in Bangladesh. This paper has been developed as a theoretical background of an analytical tool:-safeguarding-governmentality‖. This analytical tool has been developed under this study by customising the theory of Michel Foucault's-Governmentality‖ (1991), along with the scholarship of Ian Hodder's-reflexive archaeology‖ (2003), Robert Layton's-archaeological / historical fact‖ (2004), Asish Nandy's-multivocality of history‖ (1995), Hayden White's-new historicism‖ (1975), Bruno Latour's-scientism‖ (2004), Stuart Hall's-representation‖ (2003) and Judith Butler's-performative subjectivity‖ (1988). Such customised analytical tool is referred to as-Safeguarding-Governmentality‖-a process of exploring the rationalisation in respect to safeguarding cultural heritage. This process, when based on a modernised knowledge system, governs-heritage‖ as a subject of subjectivation (i.e., cultural heritage and state) and subjectification (i.e., heritage-residents). Arguably, it involves a range of actors from transnational agencies to grassroots agencies of the performativity of reflective subjectivity, where the voices of residents in heritage sites are rationalised or manipulated through spatial-governmentalisation.

একটি জনপরিসরের বোঝাপড়া: বর্তমান বাংলাদেশে নবাব সিরাজউদ্দৌলার প্রবল উপস্থিতি এবং ভুলে যাওয়া 'প্রথম বাঙালি স্বাধীন সুলতান জালালুদ্দীন মুহম্মদ শাহ, 2022.

বাংলাদেশের জনপরিসরে, বিশেষত নাগরিক মধ‍্যবিত্ত পরিসরে সিরাজউদ্দৌলা কিভাবে এবং কেন হাজির আছেন, তার এক বহুমাত্রিক বিশ্লেষণ উপস্থাপিত হয়েছে এই পদ্ধতিমাফিক গবেষণায়। নানা মাধ‍্যমে সিরাজউদ্দৌলার নির্মাণ ও পুননির্মাণের ফিরিস্তি, এবং বিশেষত পশ্চিমা মাধ‍্যমগুলোতে নেতিবাচক উপস্থিতির অনেকগুলো উদাহরণ, প্রবন্ধটির বনিয়াদ পোক্ত করেছে। তবে মাঠ-পর্যায়ের উপাত্ত সংগ্রহ ও বিশ্লেষণই এর সবচেয়ে আকর্ষণীয় এলাকা। পুরো আলোচনাটি 'প্রথম বাঙালি স্বাধীন সুলতান' জালালুদ্দীন মুহম্মদ শাহের সাথে তুলনামূলক প্রক্রিয়ায় উপস্থাপিত হওয়ায় একদিকে নতুন কয়েকটি দিক উন্মোচিত হয়েছে, অন‍্যদিকে 'বাঙালি', 'মুসলমান', জাতীয়তাবাদ', 'জন-ইতিহাস' ইত‍্যাদি অনেকগুলো প্রতিষ্ঠিত বর্গের আংশিক পর্যালোচনাও সম্ভবপর হয়েছে।

প্রত্ন-প্রতিমার অথের্র বদল: একটি পাঠক প্রতিক্রিয়াতাত্ত্বিক পর্যালোচনামূলক বিশ্লেষণ, Pratnattava; Journal of the Department of Archaeology, 28, pp.83-96, 2022.

Scrutinising the communal objectified mindscape to attack the Hindu Goddessess and Gods in present Bangladesh is the ultimate goal of this paper. As a case, Iconography and its students have been analysed in detail to understand the objectified mind. Because of, iconography is an essential aspect of institutional Archaeological discipline and is being studied as an academic discipline under the Department of Archaeology at Jahangirnagar University and Cumilla University in Bangladesh. The icons (God/ goddess) found from different archaeological contexts are institutionalized in the academic text. Where idols/ gods or goddesses become an art object or research material through different methods and techniques. The main focus of this article is to critically review the methods and techniques being used in the study of icons found within various archaeological contexts, which played a vital role in turning the icon into a thing to object. The students are explored to understand the reaction under the phenomenological reader????s response theor????. There ????e found the Goddess remain in the same mindscapic situation as sexual object. Besides, some theoretical approaches such as actor-network theory (ANT) of Brno Latour (1999),

A (Hitherto Unpublished) Late Mughal Mosque Inscription of Bengal: An Analytical Look, Journal of Bengal Art, 24, pp.151-155, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2019.

Many sources like written documents and archaeological remains have been used for reconstructing the ancient history and culture of Bengal. Inscriptions are a most important written element for understanding the civilization and art history of the then Bengal. With the advent of Islam in the region, inscriptions were considered a great medium to convey visual, cultural, and spiritual messages to mass people. A large number of Arabic and Persian inscriptions had been inscribed during the Sultanate, Mughal and later Mughal period of Bengal. More than four hundred epigraphic records have been discovered in this region and most of them have been deciphered and published in various journals. There are still many more yet to be unearthed. They are written in Arabic and Persian languages with various styles like tugra, naskh, taliq, nastaliq, Bihari etc. Arabic and Persian inscriptions of Bengal are rich in textual contents, artistic manifestation and multiplicity of forms. They provide as a missing link to the past offering many historical clues not available elsewhere.

বাংলার প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক ইতিহাস চিন্তার আদিকল্পের পুনর্পাঠ, The Social Science Journal, 4, 1, pp.1-26, 2020.

 

Keeping Alive the Sultanate Past of Bangladesh by Using 3D Modelling and Virtual Reality as Tools for Assisting Archaeology and Generating the Predictive Models of World Cultural Heritage Sites— The Case Study of Town and Mosques of Shait Gumbad Mosque Region, Pratna Shamiksha, 7, 1, pp.161-169, 2016.

Eventalisation of the past always poses a challenge for archaeologists. Usually archaeological recordbased imagination helps them (archaeologist and reader) to understand the reality. This sort of imagination has a common structure but with various differences. These differences always generate a temporal-hyper-real situations. It is a very common practice in archaeological research. Logical prediction of the past and visibility of the past are the ultimate goal of this paper. A useful contribution to archaeological research, especially to the study of architectural history is the aim of this paper. Its purpose is to create a series of methods and tools for testing and analysing theories and predictions for historical consequences through the use of 3D modelling tools and virtual reality engines. In fact, this paper describes the research, investigation and application of computational modelling to the virtual generation of predictive 3D model of Sultanate period town Khalifatabad, Bagerhat, Bangladesh.

“Banalism: Ownership of the Past in Bangladesh”, Bangabidya, Bangabidya, 10, Special Issue, pp.446-467, 2018.

By epistemologically and ontologically understanding the dominating history writing, I found that the bangalee nationalism is a controlling factor to describe the history. Here historians excluded the non-bangalee peoples, nowadays, who are demanding their right to live as an indigenous people even the dominating history books on liberation war in 1971 are discussed rarely about non-bengalee people’s participation as fighters or victims. In fact, whatever the bangalee archaeologist found in the landscape of Bangladesh claims their own history. They portray those archaeological pieces of evidence as the pride of Bangalee. The government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh rationalized their reasons with the support of the history and archaeology as knowledge to abstain from United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People in September 13, 2007. After this, a common debate comes out in every year on August 9 in Bangladesh that “who are indigenous people?”. I tried to identify the debate on the Indigenous issue as having a close relationship with the ‘politics of exclusion' where ambitions and aspirations of mainstream and ideologically dominating historian, mass media, politician, and archaeologists complement each other by excluding the very critical principles and methodology of the discipline and their historical transformations.

Mapping the Landscape of Archaeo-history as a part of a GIS Techniques and GPS Survey Strategy: The Archaeological Heritage of Bangladesh, 4, 1, pp.85-105, ICON, 2017.

The prime attempt of this study is to map the landscape of archaeo-history. Most of the survived archaeological evidences found in Bangladesh, are related to religion based architectures and mounds. Number of researches have been conducted on these archaeological records, however, are focused on the macro level history of Bangla, basically using the archaeological records as a source. Understanding the context of the archaeological records are neglected in those researches. The de-contextual approaches have been given a chance to raise some basic questions. Archaeological field methods and analytical techniques are not followed properly. Recently developed GIS (Geographic Information System) technique and GPS (Global Positioning System) survey are well known in the study of archaeological site in contextual approach. This technique will help to produce a detail distribution map along with the landscape context. Therefore; it can be claimed that the GIS technology and GPS survey strategy yet to be used to document the archaeological records of Bangladesh.

Genealogy of Archaeological Surveying in Bangladesh: Delineating Peter Haggett’s systematic ground survey with the modification by GIS in Khalifatabad, Bagerhat, Pratnattava, 19, 1, pp.75-87, 2013.

The methods, technique and actions for detecting, recording and interpreting various spatial aggregates of artefacts are known as Archaeological prospection in the dominating ideas and practice of archaeology. As a result, since the birth of Archaeology as a discipline of social science, ‘survey’, specially the prospection in archaeology, has been synonymous to archaeological research. In the context of Bangladesh archaeology, same fashion has been followed with some distortions. However, most of those surveys would not be mentioned as a systematic survey by me. In this paper, a survey model for 'medieval' archaeological evidences with their context has been proposed and applied. The model is very easy to manipulate for understanding medieval town plan through digital technologies. The proposed systematic survey model of this research is geometrised and uniformed (e.g. quadrates, transects, etc.), considering the present administrative unit (e.g. upazilla, mouza, etc.) as a primary reference. For understanding the spatial distribution pattern of the town plan of Khalifatabad, Heggett’s systematic ground survey sampling strategies were modified by GIS technology. It helped systematically to draw out the tentative town plan. Besides, this systematic survey has helped to collect the regional data that have been used to quantify statistically the town plan in detail. As a result of the proposed systematic survey, a predictive model of the town plan of Khalifatabad is developed and presented as an outcome of the paper.

“Safeguarding-Governmentality”: A Neology to Understand the Mechanism of Governmentalisation of the Cultural Heritage in Bangladesh, Pratnattava; Journal of the Department of Archaeology, 25, pp.203-223, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, 2019.

The objective of this paper is to define-safeguarding-governmentality‖ as an analytical framework to understand the mechanism of governmentalisation of the cultural heritage in Bangladesh. This paper has been developed as a theoretical background of an analytical tool:-safeguarding-governmentality‖. This analytical tool has been developed under this study by customising the theory of Michel Foucault's-Governmentality‖ (1991), along with the scholarship of Ian Hodder's-reflexive archaeology‖ (2003), Robert Layton's-archaeological / historical fact‖ (2004), Asish Nandy's-multivocality of history‖ (1995), Hayden White's-new historicism‖ (1975), Bruno Latour's-scientism‖ (2004), Stuart Hall's-representation‖ (2003) and Judith Butler's-performative subjectivity‖ (1988). Such customised analytical tool is referred to as-Safeguarding-Governmentality‖-a process of exploring the rationalisation in respect to safeguarding cultural heritage. This process, when based on a modernised knowledge system, governs-heritage‖ as a subject of subjectivation (i.e., cultural heritage and state) and subjectification (i.e., heritage-residents). Arguably, it involves a range of actors from transnational agencies to grassroots agencies of the performativity of reflective subjectivity, where the voices of residents in heritage sites are rationalised or manipulated through spatial-governmentalisation.

Interpreting the Landscape of Wari-Bateshwar: An Interrogation using GIS and Remote Sensing,

In the recent archaeological practice, landscape plays a very important role to understand the past human activity within a framework of reciprocal interrelationship. Landscape presented wide range of opportunities and constraints to different cultural activities of past people. That is why; landscape archaeology provides huge extent of data and as well as analytical tools to go beyond the diffusionist inferences. The development of some revolutionary scientific techniques like GIS and Remote Sensing have provided a very sound and substantial meaning not only to explain empirical data but also in the prediction of past human behavior. In this paper, GIS and Remote Sensing have been applied to interpret landscape of Wari-Bateshwar in relation to the past and its signatures. An attempt has been made here to understand the functional advantages and disadvantages for human groups to conduct their cultural activities in this particular location. This paper, moreover, deals with a critical investigation into the hitherto postulated inferences on Wari-Bateshwar.

Religious and Auspicious Symbols Depicted on Artifacts of Wari-Bateshwar,

Symbols play a significant role to assume the religious beliefs. In this article we have discussed some of the artifacts of Wari-Bateshwar, which bear certain kinds of symbols. We assume that these symbols are quite significant in terms of socio-religious aspect of this site. The artifacts from the site that bear symbols are an amulet, punch-marked coins, querns, knobbed wares and a ring stone. The amulet is a very significant ritual object with the image of a tribal war-god (?) placed on the mouth of a pitcher and two votaries depicted on it. The religious belief that is reflected by the amulet is the idea of Bhakti to a personal god with offerings. The presence of solar symbol and six-armed symbol on the punch-marked coins represent the Sun God—Surya. And the mountain symbol with a crescent above on the punch-marked coins may typify the aniconic representation of Siva. The quern with svastika and nandipadas depicted on it might have religious values. If we are to make any inference about the religious beliefs of the Wari-Bateshwar people from those symbols depicted on this quern, then it indicates the prevalence of ‘Hinduism’. The ring stone has also some religious connotations, and then another aspect of their (or some of them) religious belief system may be provided by the ring stone. From the present study we do not find out the presence of Buddhism in Wari-Bateshwar culture.

বাংলাদেশ জাতীয় জাদুঘর-এর ১৭ ও ১৮ নম্বর গ্যালারিতে প্রত্ন-প্রতিমার ‘রেপ্রিজেন্টেশন’: একটি পর্যালোচনামূলক বিশ্লেষণ,

আমরা ২০ জন নিরাভরণ নারীকে কোনো প্রকাশ্য স্থানে দাঁড় করিয়ে রাখতে পারি না কিন্তু বাংলাদেশ জাতীয় জাদুঘরে আইকোনোগ্রাফি গ্যালারিতে ২০ জন নিরাভরণ প্রত্ন-প্রতিমাকে দাঁড় করিয়ে রাখতে পারি; উন্মুক্ত করে দিতে পারি। প্রশ্ন করতে হবে এই ধরনের রেপ্রিজেন্টেশন প্রক্রিয়ার উদ্ভবের কারণ ও পরিস্থিতিকে এবং ব্যাখ্যা করতে হবে তার মাধ্যমে দর্শকের কাছে কী নির্মিত হচ্ছে? এ-হচ্ছে নারীর ওপর পুরুষের ক্ষমতার জাদুঘরীয় স্মারক; উদ্ভট, প্রেক্ষিতহীন অবস্থায় দাঁড়িয়ে থাকা। তারা ’যক্ষ্মী’, ’লক্ষ্মী’র প্রত্ন-প্রতিমার মাধ্যমে আসলে কী শিক্ষা আমাদের দিতে পারে বা দেয় সেটা যেমন গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন তেমনি গুরুত্বপূর্ণ প্রশ্ন হলো এদেরকে কেনো এভাবে দাঁড় করিয়ে রাখতে হয়? কোন সমাজে এই প্রয়োজনীয়তা উদ্ভূত হয়, কখন, কীভাবে? এটা কী মানব প্রগতির অংশ না উপনিবেশ ও আধুনিকতাবাদী প্রকল্পে সাব্জেক্টের যে ক্রম রূপান্তরের ইতিহাস, ধ্বংসের ইতিহাস তার অংশ? বাংলাদেশের কোনো প্রান্তিক অংশে প্রাপ্ত শিবলিঙ্গকে কেনো জাদুঘরে রাখতে হয়? জাদুঘরের চার-দেয়ালে অন্যসব প্রত্নবস্তুর মধ্যে এর নতুন কোনো অর্থ নির্মিত হয়? প্রতিদিন অগণিত দর্শক যখন একে দেখে তখন তার সম্পর্কে কী ধারণা তৈরি হয় বা তারা পায় বা নেয়? জাদুঘরে শিব লিঙ্গের আদৌ যেভাবেই যত পরীক্ষিত উপায়েই প্রদর্শন করা হোক না কেনো তা আসলে কি তার প্রাক জাদুঘরীয় পরিচয়কে তুলে ধরতে পারে? 

Folklore-archaeology of Wari-Bateshwar: An Interpretation of the Landscape and Settlement Pattern in Respect to Natural and Cultural Features of Toponym,

Archaeologists acquire ideas, images and knowledge of the past through material remains. Recently, the development of archaeological practice, finds new crevice to understand toponym; the past and its meaning. Past cultural and geophysical features of landscape are expressed through place-names given by local people. Toponyms often survive as evidence, which could be a primary tool to trace the early settlement and culture of certain locality. The toponyms in Bangla, such as, Khal, Beel, Bazar, Tek, Ganj are the expression of some historical information of an area. For example, Koira Khal is a name of a canal in the vicinity of Wari-Bateshwar, which shows that there was a Khal (canal) in the past, but do not visible at present in the dry season. This research is intended to approach the Folklore-Archaeology which is the new discourse in the field of archaeological studies. The birth of this field is basically connected to the changes and transformation of the present ideas with that of the archaeology and the past.

We can protect our past?: Re-thinking the dominating paradigm of preservation and conservation with reference to the world heritage site of Somapura Mahavihara, Bangladesh,

The dominating concepts and practices of preservation and conservation of heritage in Bangladesh take autonomous and self-conscious agency for granted. This notion of agency has a genealogy in the history of the translation of various concepts by the modernizing and secularizing projects in Bangladesh under both colonialist and nationalist regimes of modern power. The points of application of modern power include the domain of the past and its discursive formations such as heritage, history, property, and archaeology. We attempt to understand the transformation of the conditions and structures in which the response to particular forms of narratives - in this case, of heritage and the past and actions by different parties - is shaped and reconfigured. This article focuses on the world heritage site of Somapura Mahavihara as the frame of reference and negotiates the data collected from the ethnography of people and practices around the site.

Quantifying the Spatial Pattern of Medieval Urban Space of Khalifatabad, Bangladesh,

A standard-measurement outline for the spatial analytical technique to fix up the standard of medievalage town is lacking in the subcontinent (India) and particularly in Bangladesh. Quantitative analytical techniquewas introduced to estimate the space of the town of Khalifatabad. Considering the present administrative unit (e.g.upazilla, mouza, etc.) as a primary reference, the study area is geometrised and uniform (e.g. quadrates, transects,etc.) with the help of GIS technology to locate archaeological exhibits and to understand the urban space ofKhalifatabad. Spatial analysis technique applied to Khalifatabad to find out the distribution of monuments andits mean centre, weighted mean centre, nearest neighbour analysis, median centre and distribution of monumentsdisposition. In this paper, the above spatial analysis calculated that the centre point of the Khalifatabad town isthe mausoleum of Ulugh Khan Jahan and measured the nearest neighbour which cleared that the archaeologicalrecords was not developed in clustered way. So the paper concludes that the Khalifatabad town was developed in aplanned way according to the contemporary human activities.

Revitalize the Past Structure: Examine the Architectural Conservation of Ahsan Manzil Palace, Dhaka, Bangladesh,

In the context of archaeological practice of Bangladesh, to prove the essentiality of architectural conservation for archaeology and archaeologist is the ultimate notion of this paper. For this purpose, architectural conservation of Ahsan Manzil, Dhaka, Bangladesh has been examined in this paper. Methodologically, visual and specific parameters like whirling hygrometer, photometer survey master and chemical analysis used to measure humidity, dampness and salinity. Different aspects of bio-deterioration including identification of biological agents and their control in Ahsan Manzil Museum were investigated in the environmental perspective of Bangladesh. This paper examined that the authenticity of conservation work of Ahsan Manzil and to reveal the architectural conservation in the view of archaeolgy. 

Beyond Anecdotalism: Questing about Ulugh Khan Jahan, founder of world heritage of Saith Gumbad Mosque, Bangladesh from the dominating Historical and Archaeological Account,

This paper can be considered as a primary initiative to spell out the identity debate of Ulugh Khan Jahan. However, this paper is failed to make the answer the ultimate question: who was Ulugh Khan Jahan?

Keeping Alive the Sultanate Past of Bangladesh by Using 3D Modelling and Virtual Reality as Tools for Assisting Archaeology and Generating the Predictive Models of World Cultural Heritage Sites— The Case Study of Town and Mosques of Shait Gumbad Mosque Re,

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CONFERENCE PAPER

Virtual Heritage of the Saith Gumbad Mosque, Bangladesh, Proceedings of International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive Engineering, 1, pp.417-429, Dhaka, 2021. doi: DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-4673-4_33

The notion of this paper is to introduce the Virtual Reality (VR) in archaeological research to visualise and safeguard the cultural heritage virtually. 3D visualisation of cultural heritage with scientific transparency is the ultimate motto of the London Charter and Sevilla Principle, which have been followed in this research work. Undoubtedly, 3D technology, open up an avenue to visualise, interpret and safeguard the archaeological understanding in virtual reality. In the field of archaeological research and cultural heritage studies, VR is becoming a powerful tool. Typically, archaeological understanding is the mood of prediction, which connotes the futuristic approach towards the past. They want to understand and visualise the past. In this paper, Shait Gumbad Mosque, which is the part of the World Heritage Site of Mosque Cities of Bagerhat, Bangladesh, is anticipated the VR to visualise and safeguard the Shait Gumbad Mosque by using the existing archaeological and VR technological knowledge.

Looking through the water logging problem of Somapura Mahavihara, Paharpur: an evaluation of existing drainage system,

Please see the link file ...

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BOOK

Md. Masood Imran, Safeguarding-Governmentally of the Cultural Heritage: Democratising, Conserving, and Representing the Past(S) of Global South, 1,
সুলতানি নগর খলিফাতাবাদ আবিষ্কারের গল্প, 2022.
Patterns in the medieval urban space of Khalifatabad, Bangladesh: Spatial analyses of archaeological records with a proposed surveying model,

"A standard-measurement outline for the spatial analytical technique to fix up the standard of medieval age town is lacking in the subcontinent (India) and particularly in Bangladesh. Following Haggett’s (1977) systematic ground survey, a survey model has been proposed to explore the town plan of Khalifatabad (the present study area). In additions, Quantitative analytical technique was also introduced to estimate the space of Khalifatabad town. It should mentioned here that this type of survey in at an elementary phase in Bangladesh.
Considering the present administrative unit (e.g. upazilla, mouza, etc.) as a primary reference, the study area is geometrised and uniformed (e.g. quadrates, transects, etc.) with the help of GIS technology to locate archaeological exhibits and to understand the town plan of Khalifatabad. Spatial analysis technique applied to Khalifatabad to find out the distribution of monuments and its mean centre, weighted mean centre, nearest neighbour analysis, median centre and distribution of monuments disposition. 
In this research paper, the above spatial analysis calculated the centre point of the Khalifatabad town is the mausoleum of Ulugh Khan Jahan and measured the nearest neighbour which cleared that the archaeological records was not developed in clustered way. So it has been concluded that the Khalifatabad town was developed in a planned way according to the contemporary human activities.
It has been concluded in this research on the basis of the spatial distribution analysis of monuments that the Khalifatabad might be developed as an almost planned town and it maintained a three consecutive phase during the flourishing period as an urban centre."

মানচিত্রে বাংলার ইতিহাস,

মানচিত্রের নির্দেশনা ইতিহাস পাঠকে অনেক সহজ এবং বোধগম্য করে তোলে। বাংলাদেশের ইতিহাস চর্চায় সংকট রয়েছে। সমকালীন গ্রন্থ না থাকায় প্রাচীন ও মধ্যযুগের ইতিহাস খুব স্পষ্টভাবে উপস্থাপিত হয়নি। অনেক ক্ষেত্রে অস্পষ্টতা থাকায় পাঠকের কাছে খুব স্বচ্ছ হয়ে ওঠে না। শিক্ষক ও শিক্ষার্থী থেকে শুরু করে সাধারণ পাঠক সকলেই এই জটিলতা থেকে বেরিয়ে আসতে চান। ’মানচিত্রের বাংলার ইতিহাস’ এই জটিলতা মুক্তির একটি সোপান হতে পারে। অনেক নিষ্ঠার সাথে ইতিহাসের সহজ উপস্থাপনা এবং রঙিন মানচিত্রে তা বাঙময় করে তোলা হয়েছে।

‘বাঙালিত্ববাদ’: জাতীয়তাবাদী ইতিহাস-রচনার রাজনীতি,

মূল ধারার ইতিহাস-রচনায় কেন্দ্রে থাকে রাজা-রাজড়া বা রাষ্ট্রনায়কদের গল্প। পুরুষদের বীরগাথা। প্রবল জাতির কেচ্ছা। বাংলাদেশের বাঙালি ১৯৫২ থেকে শুরু করে দীর্ঘ সংগ্রামের ভেতর দিয়ে ১৯৭১-এর মুক্তিযুদ্ধের মাধ্যমে একটি প্রবল জাতি হিসেবে আবির্ভূত হয়েছে। এ জাতি প্রতিনিধিত্বশীল জ্ঞান-চর্চাকারী হিসেবে নানা প্রতœতাত্ত্বিক গবেষণার মাধ্যমে অতীত সংস্কৃতি জানার চেষ্টা করে যাচ্ছে। কিন্তু হতাশ হতে হয় যখন গবেষকদের একেবারেই ভাবতে দেখা যায় না, যে ইতিহাস/সংস্কৃতি খোঁজা হচ্ছে তা কাদের ইতিহাস? এই ইতিহাসে ‘বাঙালি’ ব্যতীত অন্য জাতির অবদানের কথা কি উল্লিখিত হয়েছে বা হচ্ছে? গত সত্তর-আশি বছর ধরে রচিত ‘বাঙালি’ জাতীয়তাবাদী ইতিহাস আরসব জাতিকে উধাও করে দেয়ার জ্ঞানতাত্ত্বিক যুক্তি গড়ে তুলতে বিশেষ ভূমিকা পালন করেছে, এবং করে চলেছে। ‘জাতীয়তাবাদ’ কিভাবে ইতিহাস-রচনার গতিপথকে অধিপতি জাতির বীরত্ব গাথার ভয়ংকর পথে পরিচালিত করে তা পর্যালোচিত হয়েছে বর্তমান লেখার সমগ্রটা জুড়ে।

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EDITED BOOK

ক্রিটিক্যাল তত্ত্বচিন্তা,

সমকালীন ইংরেজি ভাষাভাষি দুনিয়ায় বিষয়ভিত্তিক হ্যান্ডবুক অসম্ভব জনপ্রিয়তা অর্জন করেছে। কোনো নির্দিষ্ট শাস্ত্র বা বিষয়বস্তু অথবা ধারণাবলি সম্পর্কে বিবিধ ও বিচিত্র অভিব্যক্তি ও বিশ্লেষণভঙ্গির পরিচিতিমূলক বা পর্যালোচনামূলক পাঠ এ-ধরণের গ্রন্থে অন্তর্ভূক্ত হয়। সমাজবিজ্ঞানের বিভিন্ন শাখায় আগ্রহী শিক্ষার্থী-গবেষক-চিন্তকদের কাছে এই জাতীয় বইয়ের জরুরিত্ব ও সমাদর এখন মোটামুটি সর্বজনবিদিত। অথচ বাংলাভাষায় এ-ধরনের বই হাতে গোনা।

বইটি সমকাল সম্পর্কে চিন্তাশীল পাঠকদের প্রাথমিক প্রয়োজন ও আগ্রহ পূরণে সমর্থ হবে। এই সময়ে দুনিয়ায় প্রধান প্রধান বিতর্কগুলো যে-সব চিন্তাকে কেন্দ্র করে সংগঠিত হচ্ছে সেগুলোর পাশাপাশি মৌলিক কিছু চিন্তা-যেগুলো চিন্তার পদ্ধতিকে অনুধাবন করার জন্য দরকারি-এই বইয়ে অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা হয়েছে। বইটি সমাজবিজ্ঞানের শিক্ষার্থী-গবেষকদের যেমন উপকারে লাগবে, তেমনই চিন্তাশীল সিরিয়াস পাঠকদের পরিচিতিমূলক ধারণা দিতে কাজে আসবে।

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BOOK CHAPTER

মহামারী মোকাবেলার এক চিরায়ত সমন্বয়বাদী আচারিক তৎপরতা, 2021.
Community Response to Homestay Tourism, Encyclopedia of Tourism Management and Marketing, 2, 2022. doi: 10.4337/9781800377486.community.response

‘Response’ denotes the reflexive action to par- ticular issues, in this case, homestay tourism. Among the tourism sectors, homestay pro- grammes are operated by tourism destination communities. Homestay focuses on the poten- tial for developing community-based tourism (CBT). It explores the social and economic benefits of tourism for the local community. It also examines ways of facilitating interactions between tourists and local people for a mutu- ally enriching experience (Imran and Nguyen, 2018). Here ‘community’ is one of the widest and most often used concepts in social science. Definitions of community have proved elusive. However, Redfield (1960, p. 4) has identified four key qualities of a community:

Predictive 3D Modelling and Virtual Reality of the World Cultural Heritage of Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur, Bangladesh, 2021. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.98928

Generating predictive 3D modelling and virtual reality (VR) of the World Cultural Heritage of ruins of the Buddhist vihara at Paharpur, Bangladesh, is the ultimate notion of this research paper. In Bangladesh archaeology, it is a new paradigm to generate the predictive 3D models of the ruined structures in real mood and develop a VR to organise a journey from ruins mood to near to real mood. It will help to forecast the past virtually through the journey of present towards past. Futuristic forecasting is the normalised phenomenon in statistical analysis, despite the archaeologist’s motto, which is to predict the past. Methodologically, philosophising the vihara architecture of the Bangla region by following Vajrayana Buddhism is the first step. Then, information technology and archaeological data enable the 3D model generation of a known structure, producing high-quality outputs of the historic site for digital conservation. Finally, 3D predictive modelling has been achieved by supporting the integrated and interactive consideration of data, established 3D modelling and VR generating tools, and the guidance of the London Charter of 2006 and the Seville Principle of 2011 for the regenerating of the cultural heritage of ruins of the Buddhist vihara at Paharpur, Bangladesh.

তুলনামূলক-ঐতিহাসিক ভাষাতত্ত্বের অধীনে আর্যতত্ত্বের নির্মাণ: একটি ঔপনিবেশিক জ্ঞানতাত্ত্বিক আধিপত্যবাদ,

Please see the link file ...

বাংলাদেশের প্রত্নতাত্ত্বিক ঐতিহ্য মহাস্থানগড়ের জন-প্রত্নতত্ত্ব : আধিপত্যবাদী প্রত্নতত্ত্ব চর্চার পর্যালোচনামুলক বিশ্লেষণ,

মহাস্থানগড়ে বসবাসকারী জনসাধারণের মধ্যে রাষ্ট্রে র পৃ ষ্ঠপোষকতায় এক অবিশ্বাস দীর্ঘ দিন ধরে গজিয়ে উঠেছে। এর পাশাপাশি জাতীয়তার পরিচয়ে বার বার বদল এবং বিভ্রান্ত কর ধর্মনির্ভ র ৪৭-এর দেশ ভাগ এমন এক বিভ্রান্তি মূলক পরিচয় নির্মাণ করেছে যেখানে সহজেই জনগোষ্ঠী বিচ্ছিন্নহয়ে পড়ছে শেকড় থেকে, আর শক্র ভাবছে নিজ ভাষাগোষ্ঠীর অন্যান্য ধর্মাবলম্বীদের। এসব কারণে এ এলাকার মানু ষ সোনা-রু পার তথাগুপ্তধনের খেঁাজে নিজের বাড়ির আঙিনা থেকে শুরু করে রাতের আঁ ধারে খঁু ড়ে চলেছে বড় বড় ঢিবি এবং প্রাপ্ত প্রতিমা মূর্তি কে সাজিয়ে রাখার দামি পুতলা ভিন্ন অন্য কিছু ভাবতে ব্যর্থ হচ্ছে। রাষ্ট্রজাতীয় ঐতিহ্য রক্ষা ও বিশেষণের জন্য যে প্র তিষ্ঠানটিকে সরকারি দায়িত্বদিয়ে রেখেছে তারা পশ্চিমা পদ্ধতিতে এজেন্সি
বিচ্ছিন্নহয়ে এমন এক প্রত্নতাত্ত্বিক কর্ম কাণ্ড পরিচালনা করছেন যেখান থেকে স্থানীয় জনসাধারণ বিচ্ছিন্নহয়ে পড়েছেন এবং জাতীয় ঐতিহ্য রক্ষার চেয়ে সোনা-রুপা খঁুজতেই উজাড় হয়ে যাচ্ছে অতীত সম্পর্কে খেঁাজখবর পাবার বহু উপাদান। স্থানীয় মানু ষ এখনও বিশ্বাস করেন এবং কখনও কখনও দেখতে পান বলে দাবি করেন যে, গড়ের অর্থাৎ দু র্গএলাকার মধ্য স্থানটি রাতের বেলা জ্ব লজ্ব ল করে কারণ এর মাটির নীচে চাপা পড়ে আছে মহামূ ল্যবান গুপ্তধন। আমার বর্ত মান প্র বন্ধের অন্যতম কেন্দ্র ীয় প্র শ্নটি হচ্ছে, বর্ত মানে যে জ্ঞানতাত্ত্বি ক কাঠামোর ওপর দঁাড়িয়ে আজকের প্র তœতত্ত্বচর্চ া চলছে এবং অতীত ইতিহাস জানার কায়কারবার সরকারি নিয়ন্ত্র ণে চলছে তা কী আমাদের অতীতের ইতিহাসের কাছে পেঁ ৗছে দিতে সমর্থহবে? আর যে পদ্ধতিটি আজ অনু দিত হচ্ছে আজকের বিভিন্নপ্র তিষ্ঠানের অধীনে প্রশিক্ষিত, অভিজ্ঞায় অর্জি ত ও প্র শিক্ষণের নামে অতীত ইতিহাস খেঁ াজাএবং তা থেকে অতীতের ধারণা নির্ম াণ, তাকে জন বিচ্ছিন্নহয়ে বড় রকমের উলম্ফনের মধ্য দিয়ে যে প্রন্ততাত্ত্বিক চর্চা চলছে তাকে যদি আধিপত্যবাদী চর্চা বলে উল্লেখ করার মধ্য দিয়ে ব্যর্থহওয়ার আশংকা প্রকাশ করি তবে তা কী আমার জন্য বড় ভুল হিসেবে প্রতীয়মান হবে?

ইতিহাসে উপেক্ষিত নারী: আহসান মঞ্জিল জাদুঘরে নবাবি ইতিহাস রিপ্রেজেন্টেশন,

Book Chapter ...

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AWARD

Excellent Student Scholarship Award, Hiroshima University, 2018.

Excellent performance as a PhD researcher in Hiroshima University, Japan

Dr. Surat Ali Khan Gold Medal, Jahangirnagar University, 2003.

Obtaining highest score among all the Departments in Examination of Masters

Sharfuddin Gold Medal, Jahangirnagar University, 2003.

Obtaining highest score among all the Departments in Examination of Masters

Jugantar Honorary Award, 2004.

Acquiring highest score in the Jahangirnagar University

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KEYNOTE SPEECH

The Yantra of Bhaktapur, Nepal: Unfolding the Spatial Distribution of Deities to Understand the Pattern of The Ancient Urban Landscape, International Symposium on Historic Urban Landscape and Architectural Heritage in Trans-Himalayan Regions, Department of Architecture, School of Spatial Planning and Design, Zhejiang University College, Zhejiang Society for Urban Studies (ZSUS), UNESCO-ICCROM Asian Academy for Heritage Management (AAHM), 2022.
Safeguarding-Governmentality”: A Post-Foucauldian Approach to Understand the Mechanism of Governmentalisation of the Cultural Heritage in Bangladesh, International online Webinar Series on Heritage sites, Museums, Monuments, 2022, Rewa, India,
Predictive 3D Modelling and Virtual Reality of the World Cultural Heritage of Ruins of the Buddhist Vihara at Paharpur, Bangladesh, The 58th Seminar of the International Centre for Study of Bengal Art (ICSBA), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2022.
Predictive 3D-Modeling of Somapura Mahavihara, the Centre for Archaeological Studies (CAS), University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh (ULAB), 2021.
“Safeguarding-Governmentality” of the Cultural Heritage of Bangladesh, Monthly Seminar on the Department of History & Philosophy, North South University (NSU), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2019.

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SEMINAR

3D Modelling of Lalbagh Fort: A Proposition of Conserving the Cultural Heritage Digitally in Bangladesh, International Symposium on The Next Fifty Years: Challenges and Opportunities for World Heritage, UNESCO and UNESCO—ICCROM Asian Academy for Heritage Management (AAHM); Beijing Cultural Relics Protection Association; School of Architecture, Southeast University; Beijing Summer Palace Institute, 2022.
The Archaeology of Pandemics in Bangladesh, 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HERITAGE MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND PRACTICE HERITAGE IN THE POST-COVID-19 WORLD, Ahmedabad University, Ahmedabad, India, 2022.
Understanding the Reasoning of Popularity of Nawab Siraj Ud-Daulah in Public Domain of Present Bangladesh, UGC seminar, Faculty of Art and Humanities, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 2021.
Yantra: Studying the Faith-based Knowledge System to Manage the Disaster Risk of Bhaktapur, Nepal, International Conference on Social Sciences in the 21st Century: Survival Strategy For Humankind Amid IR 4.0, Department of Social Sciences and Humanities School of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB), 2019.
Virtual Heritage of the Saith Gumbad Mosque, Bangladesh, 2nd International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive Engineering (TCCE), Jahangirnagar University, 2020.
Mouza Based Mapping the Archaeological Heritages of Nilphamari Upazila, Bangladesh, The 5th International Congress of Bengal Studies, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, 2018.
Digital Living Heritage in Bangladesh: 3D Predictive Modelling of Somapura Mahavihara, The 5th International Congress of Bengal Studies, Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh, 2018.
Discursive Formation of Cultural Heritage and Identity: A Critical Study on the Dominant Paradigm of a Safeguarding Programme for the Archaeological Site of Pundranagar in Bangladesh, 14th Graduate Students' Thesis Presentation Seminar, Chugoku Shikoku Area Group of The Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology, Japan, 2017.
Construction of the idea of cultural heritage with specific reference to an archaeological site in Bangladesh, 27th Annual Conference of the Japan Society for International Development (JASID), Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima Campus, 2016.
“Bangalism”: The Politics of Exclusion in Dominant History Writings of Bangladesh, The 4th International Congress of Bengal Studies, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies, 2015.

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WORKSHOP

International Workshop on Building Resilient Communities: Merging Traditional Culture and Child-Centred approach for Disaster Risk reduction in Bhaktapur, On-site Project of Bhaktapur, Nepal of TAOYAKA Program, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima Campus, 2018.

Conducted the workshop as a fesilitator and organiser.

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